WASHINGTON — Federal Reserve Chairman Ben Bernanke said Thursday that the health of the nation’s community banks has strengthened, despite what he described as a frustratingly slow economic recovery.

In remarks to a conference on community banking, Bernanke said profits at smaller banks have been rising for the past several quarters. He also said the quality of the loans on their books has stopped deteriorating, although the proportion of bad loans remains high.

“Measures of the financial conditions of banks appear to have strengthened somewhat, suggesting that, for the most part, the industry is meeting its challenges,” Bernanke said.

He said that the hundreds of community banks, those with assets below $10 billion, have also seen their capital reserves against future losses increase, in part because they can more easily raise capital.

“A common complaint on the part of some community bakers is that very low interest rates hurt their profitability by squeezing net interest margins,” Bernanke said, referring to the difference between what banks can earn by collecting interest on loans and what they have to pay to depositors and other sources for the money to make those loans.

Bernanke defended the Fed’s decisions to keep interest rates at record-low levels. While low rates have cut into bank profits, they have also boosted the economy.