Good windows defend your home against the elements. But if they’re in need of repair, they can reduce your home’s energy efficiency and comfort level. These five fixes will address these issues and ensure that your home remains efficient all year long.

Caulk exterior cracksCracks can cause drafts, leaks and wet insulation. You can address this problem by coating the damaged areas with a weatherproof exterior caulk.Don’t forget to check your window panes as well. The caulking or glazing around your windows can become brittle and crack over time. Run a bead of caulk around the outside of your window pane if you notice deterioration.Note: Caulking is a temporary fix for bad glazing. Replacing your deteriorated glazing is the only way to fully seal your windows. You can do this job yourself or hire a pro.

Address wood rotDeteriorated frames can cause interior leaks and allow water to gather behind your siding, which will result in wet insulation, mold growth and even damaged framing.Begin your repairs by using a chisel to remove the deteriorated portion of the frame. Soak the wood with an epoxy consolidant to create a hard surface for the filler. Apply wood filler to the chiseled-out area and shape it with a putty knife or paint stirrer. Sand the filler once it’s dried to create a smooth painting surface.

Install weather strippingWeather stripping is a simple and inexpensive way to improve your home’s energy efficiency and prevent the need for further repairs.There are a variety of weather stripping options, ranging from foam and silicone tape to window sweeps. Here’s a breakdown of where each option works best:V strips: Place on the side of single- or double-hung windows or the sides of a door. To install, cut to length and peel and stick or secure with finishing nails.Felt strips: Place around the window sash or inside the door jamb. Cut to desired length and staple or nail in place.Foam tape: Place at the top and bottom of window sashes or inside door frames. Cut to length and stick or nail in place.Sweeps: Place on the bottom of window sashes or the interior side of a door. Screw into place.Tubular (rubber, silicone, vinyl): Place at the top and bottom of sashes or between the door and its jamb. Peel and stick or fasten with screws.

Install storm windowsStorm windows are exterior covers that reduce energy leakage and prevent breaks during high winds.Storm windows come in a variety of options, ranging from single-ply plastic to triple-pane glass. You can also choose between fixed and operable models.Installing storm windows is simple. Place the window inside your exterior frame and screw it into place. Run a bead of latex caulk around the inside of the window to create an air-tight seal. Avoid caulking over the weep holes located at the base of the window. Covering these can trap moisture and rot your sill.

Add window treatmentsWindow treatments will improve your home’s energy efficiency and aesthetics. Drapes and blinds are common options.Thicker drape materials like heavyweight flannel are ideal for keeping your heat and air conditioning indoors. You can also layer drape materials to increase their efficiency. Cellular blinds are another popular option.