The summer solstice, also known as the first day of summer in the northern hemisphere, is on June 21. It marks the longest day of the year, as well as the shortest night.  Sunsets are much later so your stargazing adventures are a late-night affair. Make sure to get your afternoon nap so you can enjoy the show! 

The marquee event is an annular total solar eclipse on June 10, visible from eastern Russia to eastern Canada. It’s not a typical total eclipse, but rather an annular eclipse. That’s when the moon’s disk isn’t large enough to cover the sun completely. 

At mid-eclipse, it appears as if the moon’s disk is encircled by a bright ring, which is the outer edges of the sun’s disk. You never want to look directly at the sun without special protection during any part of an annular eclipse. You could greatly and permanently damage your eyes!

I’ll have more next week in Starwatch.

The first bright star that pops out in the evening twilight for awhile is actually the planet Venus. All month long look for it in the very low west-northwest sky, just above the horizon. There’s a much fainter planet close by. It’s Mars, shining with a pale red glow a little to the upper left of Venus.

Believe it or not, there are still some bright winter stars hanging in there in the low western sky in the neighborhood of Mars and Venus. Castor and Pollux in the constellation Gemini are conspicuously shining close to each other. The very bright star Capella is also nearby, barely above the northwest horizon.  

It’s so much fun to stargaze comfortably in the warmer weather, lying back in a reclining lawn chair. Look straight overhead toward the zenith. You’ll easily see the Big Dipper.

In your mind’s eye, extend the arc of the Big Dipper’s handle beyond the end of the handle, and you’ll run right into a very bright star with an orange hue. That’s Arcturus. Just remember the stargazing adage, “arc to Arcturus.” It’s the second-brightest star in the evening sky and the brightest star seen in the summer. Arcturus is about 36 light years away, which works out to around 208 trillion miles.

Arcturus is a red-giant star, well over 21 million miles in diameter. Our own home star, the Sun, isn’t even a million miles in diameter! Arcturus is also the brightest star in the constellation Bootes the hunting farmer, which looks more like a giant nocturnal kite with Arcturus at the tail of the kite. 

Early June evenings bring us the Summer Triangle, on the rise in the east. It’s so easy to see. Just look for the three brightest stars you can see in the east, and that’s it.

The Summer Triangle is not an official constellation but rather a great asterism that will help you locate at least three constellations.

Each of the three stars is the brightest in its respective constellations. Vega is the brightest star in the small constellation Lyra the Lyre. The second brightest is Altair, in the constellation Aquila the Eagle. The least bright is Deneb, the brightest star in Cygnus the Swan.

Looks can be deceiving, though. Even though Deneb is the faintest star of the trio, it’s a super-colossal star kicking out 50,000 times more light than our sun. It doesn’t look that bright because it’s at least 1,400 light-years away, and possibly much, much farther!  

If you’re a super early riser, the bright planets Jupiter and Saturn are waiting for you in the low southeast skies in the mornings. They’re the brightest star-like objects you can see in that part of the sky. Jupiter’s the brightest one on the left. 

Jupiter is now around 437 million miles from Earth. And with a small telescope, it’s a lot of fun to look at. You can easily see up to four of its orbiting moons that resemble tiny stars on either side of the planet. You might even see some of Jupiter’s cloud bands stretching across the 88,000 mile-wide planet.  

Even though it’s well over 850 million miles away, Saturn is even more of a telescope treat! You can see the massive icy ring system that stretches over 136,000 miles. On average, though, the ring system is only about 50 feet thick.  

Enjoy your special time under the stars this month! 

Mike Lynch is an amateur astronomer and retired broadcast meteorologist for WCCO Radio in Minneapolis/St. Paul. He is the author of “Stars: a Month by Month Tour of the Constellations,” published by Adventure Publications and available at bookstores and adventurepublications.net. Contact him at mikewlynch@comcast.net.