Historic Castro summit a key test for detente
HAVANA — Brushing past profound differences, President Barack Obama and Cuban President Raul Castro will sit down today at Havana’s Palace of the Revolution for a historic meeting, offering critical clues about whether Obama’s sharp U-turn in policy will be fully reciprocated.
For Obama, there’s no better place than Havana to show that engagement can do more than isolation to bring about tangible change in the communist nation. Yet for the Cubans, the question is whether their own government is ready to prove the ambitious diplomatic opening is more than just talk.
Obama opened the first presidential visit to Cuba in nearly 90 years on Sunday when Air Force One touched down in Havana. Strolling through the grand cobblestoned plazas of Old Havana with his wife, Michelle, and daughters Sasha and Malia, Obama created an indelible image for both Cubans and Americans of the peacemaking he and Castro have cautiously but doggedly pursued.
“The time is right,” Obama said in an ABC interview, when asked why he was proceeding now with the Cuba initiative.
“Obviously our intention has always been to get a ball rolling,” he said, “knowing that change wasn’t going to happen overnight.” Obama acknowledged in the interview with anchor David Muir that “we still have significant differences around human rights and civil liberties” but argued that making the trip at this time “would maximize our ability to prompt more change.” He conceded Cuba under President Raul Castro “is still a one-party state” that exerts tight control over its people and stifles dissent.
Obama also revealed he plans to announce while visiting here that Google has made arrangements to upgrade Internet access on the island.
Indeed, the U.S. and Cuba are working more closely together now than at any time since relations took a nose dive amid Cuba’s 1959 revolution. Yet while Americans are now flocking to Cuba in greater numbers, closer ties have yet to bring about the degree of change that many Cubans hoped would follow after Obama and Castro moved to normalize relations 15 months ago.
Since taking power in 2008, Castro has orchestrated economic and social reforms with lasting and broad-based impact, though to many Cubans and foreigners they appear slow to materialize. Not only are hundreds of thousands of Cubans now able to pursue free enterprise, but also restrictions on cell phones and Internet have been eased and citizens feel more comfortable discussing Cuba’s problems.
Yet Castro has given little ground when it comes to changing Cuba’s single-party system or easing strict limits on media, assembly and political dissent. His government has also repeatedly chided Obama for saying he wanted to empower Cubans.
None of that has dissuaded Obama, who insists any intransigence by Cuba’s government only proves why Cubans will be better off when they’re intimately exposed to American values.
“Let God will that this is good for all Cubans,” said Odilia Collazo, a 79-year-old Havana resident, as she watched Obama’s arrival on state television. “It seems to me that Obama wants to do something good before he leaves.”
To that end, Obama came to Havana hoping his visit would spur Castro to offer gestures of good faith and meaningful change, which would undermine critics who accuse Obama of kowtowing to an authoritarian government. Though Cuba approved U.S. hotel chains Starwood and Marriott to operate here and moved to lift fees on converting U.S. dollars, those steps pale in comparison to sweeping changes Obama has enacted to lift decades-old U.S. restrictions.
On his first full day in Cuba, Obama was to lay a wreath today at the memorial to Jose Marti, a Cuban independence hero, before heading to Castro’s presidential offices. After a series of meetings, the two leaders planned to address reporters. The White House’s attempts to get Castro to agree to a joint news conference appeared unsuccessful.
Castro appears to be closely and intensely managing what constitutes the most important change in Cuban foreign policy since the Cold War. Though Obama’s aides have downplayed expectations for the meeting, Castro’s remarks alongside Obama will be closely parsed.
