WASHINGTON — A united House Republican leadership surrendered crisply and cleanly on legislation to extend expiring payroll tax cuts for 160 million Americans, skipping most if not all of the self-defeating drama that accompanied their far noisier retreat on the same issue late last year.

In doing so, they helped avert an election-year tax increase on the middle class as well as the blame Democrats surely would have sought to pin on them for hampering an economic recovery.

Yet they also handed President Barack Obama an unambiguous political victory as he campaigns for re-election.

And perhaps most strikingly, because the tax cuts are not offset by spending reductions, the tea party-backed majority quietly acquiesced to a $101.1 billion increase in the deficit for the current fiscal year, wiping out billions in short-term reductions in red ink that it won in a series of pitched political battles in 2011.

“The mood is to get it off the table,” freshman Rep. Dennis Ross, a Florida Republican, said this week of the measure that is expected to clear Congress in the next day or so. “We’ve got to move on to another issue.”

Across the Capitol, Sen. Lindsay Graham, R-S.C., said the legislation to keep the payroll tax cuts in place was an exception rather than a new rule. “Not going to do this again, but if it gets us through the year, gets this issue off the table, it’s worth doing this way,” he said.

In fact, some conservatives argue that tax cuts lead to greater economic growth and therefore do not increase deficits. Others argue that, at a minimum, they require additional borrowing by the government and weaken Social Security as a result.

No matter the view, the relative lack of controversy showed a House GOP chastened by the outcome of a different sort of showdown last December.

Then, the bill in question was a mere two-month extension of tax cuts, fully offset by spending cuts. Digging in their heels, they demanded an alternative that lasted to the end of the year, and wound up being pilloried by Obama, congressional Democrats and even some Senate Republicans for risking a tax hike on Jan. 1.

“In the end, House Republicans felt like they were re-enacting the Alamo, with no reinforcements and our friends shooting at us,” veteran Republican Rep. Kevin Brady of Texas said then.

No one is likely to say that now, although Newt Gingrich, the former House speaker now seeking tea party support for his presidential run, declined to say if he favors or opposes the bill.

“I would have found an offset,” he said in a comment relayed through his spokesman, R.C. Hammond, indicating he was less than completely supportive.