LOS ANGELES — Enrollment in state pre-kindergarten programs inched up slightly last year, but there’s been little change in the overall percentage of children participating in the programs, according to a national study on early education released today.

The report found wide disparities among states.

“At last year’s pace it will be another 75 years before state pre-K enrolls even all kids in low-income families,” said Steven Barnett, director of the National Institute for Early Education Research, which conducts the annual review on the state of pre-K.

Early education is widely recognized as an important component to helping ensure children from all backgrounds enter school ready to learn. The Obama administration has made it a centerpiece of its education policy, with the president announcing $1 billion in public-private spending on programs for young learners last year.

Total enrollment rose by 8,535 students in the 2013-14 school year. But that increase follows a loss of 4,000 seats following post-recession state budget cuts in 2012-13. Overall, 29 percent of 4-year-olds were enrolled in a state-funded pre-K, a percentage that’s changed little since 2010. The numbers don’t reflect participation in the federal Head Start or special education programs.

There were some positive signs in the report: Total state funding for pre-K programs increased by more than $116 million in the 40 states and District of Columbia that offered pre-K throughout the 2013-14 school year.

Florida, Oklahoma, Vermont and the District of Columbia topped the rankings in access — each served more than 75 percent of all 4-year-olds. Five other states enrolled more than half: Georgia, Iowa, Texas, West Virginia and Wisconsin.