WASHINGTON — The government unlocked its doors today after 16 days as President Barack Obama saluted the resolution of Congress’ bitter standoff but lambasting Republicans for the partial shutdown that he said had damaged the U.S. economy and America’s credibility around the world.

“There are no winners here,” Obama said hours after signing a last-minute measure from Congress that was free of the Republican demands that had started the standoff. The deal allowed federal workers to return this morning and headed off the threat that the nation would default on its debts, at least for this year.

“The American people are completely fed up with Washington,” Obama said in stern remarks at the White House. The nation’s credit rating was jeopardized, economic growth and hiring were slowed and federal workers were temporarily deprived of paychecks, Obama said, all because of “yet another self-inflicted crisis.”

In hopes of averting another standoff when the just-passed measure runs out, Congress’ four top budget writers met over breakfast to begin new budget talks. Obama urged them to put aside partisan differences and brinkmanship tactics to find common ground.

He also sought to assure governments and investors around the world that the “full faith and credit of the United States remains unquestioned.”

“We’ll bounce back from this,” Obama declared. “We always do.”

The House and Senate voted late Wednesday night to end the shutdown that began when Republicans tried unsuccessfully to use must-pass funding legislation to derail the president’s landmark health care law.