By Associated Press

NEW YORK — After Ismaaiyl Brinsley shot his ex-girlfriend and posted an online death threat against police, investigators in Maryland used modern cell phone tracking technology to follow his journey to New York City in real time.

But when it came to giving the New York Police Department specifics about Brinsley, the means were markedly low-tech: a phone call and a wanted flier sent by fax.

That warning came too late, sent a mere two minutes before Brinsley walked up to a patrol car and shot two officers dead without warning.

Police on both ends say they took immediate and proper measures to try to alert officers about an armed and dangerous fugitive bent on violence against law enforcement. But the seemingly antiquated way they did it has raised questions about the potential for communication lapses to hamper urgent manhunts.

Though refusing to fault how the warning was handled, Police Commissioner William Bratton has called it “an irony” the ambush occurred a time when the NYPD has launched a $160 million program to equip each member of the 35,000-officer force with a department-issued computer tablet or smartphone to improve information-sharing.

Currently, police departments in New York, Los Angeles, Denver and elsewhere mostly rely on dispatchers to make radio transmissions giving descriptions of suspects or fliers with mug shots passed out at roll calls. Smaller forces have gone to blasting notifications to department-issued smartphones, but most larger ones say to do the same would be too expensive.

With the new system, if the nation’s largest police department were to receive a mug shot of a suspect, “we could instantly send that picture and information to every cop on their post no matter where they were,” Bratton said.

In the case of Brinsley, it’s impossible to know whether an earlier warning would have made a difference.

Even if that information had been received earlier, all an officer sitting in a radio car would have received, Bratton said, “was an alert on the description of a black male, mid-20s, that basically is making threats against police officers.”

Chief Robert Boyce, head of NYPD detectives, insisted at the same news conference, “All things were done exactly the way they were supposed to do. ... There was no lapse on anybody’s part.” A Baltimore County Police spokesman also said they “followed our standard operating procedures.”

Still, NYPD officials conceded there also is room for improvement in how police departments share information with each other — a lesson learned during the 10-day rampage across Southern California by former police Officer Christopher Dorner in February 2013.

A report by the Washington, D.C.-based Police Foundation found communication and coordination problems between at least a half-dozen regional law enforcement agencies impeded efforts to stop Dorner.

The nonprofit’s report, for example, found that Riverside police officers were unaware Dorner had just opened fire on two LAPD officers in the neighboring city of Corona just minutes before they themselves were ambushed at a red light.

The information was not relayed for 10 minutes, and the LAPD officers were relying on private cell phones to communicate because they were too far out of range for their police radio system to work, according to the report.