With a massive recall of air bags on Monday, the U.S. auto industry has broken the annual record for safety recalls in less than half a year.

Automakers are recalling millions of vehicles to replace defective explosive charges in air bags that can send metal shrapnel flying at occupants during a crash. Car companies have now called back at least 31.4 million vehicles in the U.S. this year, breaking the industry’s record for annual recalls of 30.8 million set in 2004.

The air bags, made by Takata are used in millions of vehicles made by Honda, Nissan, Ford, Chrysler, Mazda and BMW, underscoring how increasing use of common parts is amplifying safety problems. To cut costs, automakers are designing different models to share platforms and many parts, so a single defect can affect millions more vehicles than in the past.

Honda and Nissan are recalling the air bags, while others automakers are characterizing the defect differently. But Ford, Chrysler, Mazda and BMW are considering recalls, according to documents filed with the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Toyota recalled about 766,000 in the U.S. for the same defect earlier this month.

Automakers are split on how they are labeling the air bag action. Honda said it is recalling 2 million vehicles, including 2001-2007 Accords, 2001-2005 Civics, 2002-2006 CR-Vs, 2002-2004 Odyssey vans, 2003-2007 Pilots, 2003-2011 Elements and other models.

Nissan is calling back 228,000 vehicles in North America, including the Infiniti FX35 and Pathfinder.

But Ford and Chrysler said they are conducting a “field action” in cooperation with the NHTSA to collect air bag inflators from cars for the agency’s investigation into the problem.