WASHINGTON — The nation’s transplant network is taking a long-awaited step to ease a serious disparity: Where you live affects whether you get a timely liver transplant or die waiting.

Desperate patients sometimes travel across the country to get on a shorter waiting list — if they can afford it. On Monday, the United Network for Organ Sharing is proposed a change, redrawing the map that governs how donated livers are distributed so patients wouldn’t need to leave home for better odds.

“We want to make sure we give everyone a fair opportunity to get a liver transplant,” said Dr. Ryutaro Hirose, chairman of the liver transplant committee at UNOS, which runs the nation’s transplant system. “It’s pretty much long overdue.”

The problem is that some parts of the country have fewer available organs, and higher demand for them, than others. That means someone in California or New York, among the toughest places to get a new liver, tends to be sicker before getting a transplant than someone in South Carolina or Washington state.

“There’s a huge difference in the risk of death on that waiting list depending on where you live,” said Hirose, a transplant surgeon at the University of California, San Francisco. Shifting the boundaries that determine where a liver is offered first “matches better the organ supply and demand.”

More than 14,600 people are on the waiting list for a new liver. Just over 7,100 received one last year — all but a few hundred from deceased donors — and more than 1,400 people died waiting.

The geographic disparity adds another hurdle.

Livers are offered first to the sickest patients as determined by a ranking, a so-called MELD score, which uses laboratory tests to predict their current risk of death. The nation’s 11 transplant regions are subdivided into local areas with individual waiting lists, and there are wide variations in organ availability both within and between regions.

Today, some regions are able to transplant patients before they’re super-sick — with MELD scores as low as 23 — while others can’t provide transplants until a patient’s MELD score reaches 35, meaning they’re at risk of death within weeks, Hirose said.

It’s legal to move around for a better chance, if people know that and are able to. For example, the late Apple CEO Steve Jobs lived in California but in 2009 had a transplant in Tennessee, which at the time had one of the shortest waits.

UNOS’ proposed fix is similar to how politicians redraw voting maps: divide the nation into eight new “districts” for liver transplants. That allows wider sharing and shifts the boundaries to better mix areas where more potential donors live with areas that have longer waiting lists.

The goal is for patients to have similar MELD scores at the time of transplant no matter where they live.

UNOS has debated how to change liver distribution for several years, a process Hirose called contentious as some transplant centers with shorter waits didn’t want to lose them.

The proposal will be open for comment from the public — via https://optn.transplant.hrsa.gov — through mid-October before any changes are finalized.