WASHINGTON — A little-known side to the government’s health insurance website is prompting renewed concerns about privacy, just as the White House is calling for stronger cybersecurity protections for consumers.

It works like this: When you apply for coverage on HealthCare.gov, dozens of data companies may be able to tell that you are on the site. Some can even glean details such as your age, income, ZIP code, whether you smoke or if you are pregnant. The data firms have embedded connections on the government site. Ever-evolving technology allows for individual Internet users to be tracked, building profiles that are a vital tool for advertisers.

Connections to multiple third-party tech firms were documented by technology experts who analyzed HealthCare.gov, and confirmed by The Associated Press. There is no evidence that personal information from HealthCare.gov has been misused, but the number of outside connections is raising questions.

“As I look at vendors on a website ... they could be another potential point of failure,” said corporate cybersecurity consultant Theresa Payton. “Vendor management can often be the weakest link in your privacy and security chain.”

A former White House chief information officer under President George W. Bush, she said the large number of outside connections on HealthCare.gov seems like “overkill” and makes it “kind of an outlier” among government websites.

The privacy concerns come against the backdrop of President Barack Obama’s new initiative to protect personal data online, a highlight of his State of the Union message scheduled for tonight. The administration is getting the health care website ready for the final enrollment drive of 2015, aiming to have more than 9 million people signed up by Feb. 15 for subsidized private coverage.

Medicare spokesman Aaron Albright said outside vendors “are prohibited from using information from these tools on HealthCare.gov for their companies’ purposes.” The government uses them to measure the performance of HealthCare.gov so consumers get “a simpler, more streamlined and intuitive experience,” he added.

The administration did not explain how it ensures that privacy and security policies are being followed. Third-party outfits that track website performance are a standard part of e-commerce. HealthCare.gov’s privacy policy says in boldface that “no personally identifiable information is collected” by these Web measurement tools.

But in a recent visit to the site, AP found that certain personal details — including age, income, and whether you smoke — were being passed along likely without your knowledge to advertising and Web analytics sites.

Google said it doesn’t use that kind of data or allow its systems to target ads based on health or medical history information.