QUESTION: We need more space, so we built a new garage and will convert our old one into a bedroom. We are also considering finishing the basement. What is the best way to insulate these solid masonry walls?ANSWER: The methods to insulate and finish the walls of a masonry garage which is above ground or a basement are very similar. The major difference is the use and location of a vapor barrier to keep moisture out. If the insulation gets saturated with moisture, it is much less efficient.For a basement, or for above-ground walls in a hot, humid climate, the moisture source is outdoors. In this situation, it is often better to have the vapor barrier between the insulation and the outside wall. In most other climates, the vapor barrier is usually located between the interior wall surface and the insulation because the moisture comes from indoors.The best insulation method depends upon your budget and your do-it-yourself skills. If money is not an object, several companies offer complete wall insulation and finishing systems which are professionally installed. The ceiling system is also included.It often takes about two weeks to complete the project. Most of the time is used for the wall preparation, electrical and plumbing tasks. Once all this is complete, it takes only a day to two to install the wall system. The insulation is provided by the rigid wall panels themselves. It ranges from about R-11 to R-13, depending upon the specific system used.The wall panels are made of pressed fiberglass covered with an attractive, durable fabric. These panels are very strong, yet light, and resistant to moisture.Narrow vertical tracks are mounted against the wall. The fabric-covered insulated panels are placed between the tracks and a retaining strip is snapped into the track. The strips are almost flat, so they create a nice appearance. The panels also deaden sounds, so they are ideal for a home theater. They can be removed for cleaning or inspecting the wall later.A less expensive option is to install rigid foam insulation boards yourself on the masonry walls. Foam insulation provides the highest R-value per inch thickness. Special foam boards are available with slotted edges. These slots make it simple to recess furring strips for attaching drywall. For fire safety, your codes may require drywall over the foam even if you plan to finish it with paneling.The old-fashioned way of using 2x4 studs and fiberglass batt insulation is still effective and it requires a low skill level. It is wise to use pressure-treated lumber where it touches the concrete floor. Attach the insulation batts securely so they do not settle and leave gaps at the top.

QUESTION: I have an old round furnace thermostat. It still works, but there seems to be greater temperature swings in the rooms than there used to be. What would cause this and what can I do to fix it?ANSWER: Older thermostats typically have fairly large room temperature swings from when the furnace comes on until it goes off. It may just be dusty inside or the heat anticipator may not be properly adjusted.Snap the cover off and gently brush any dust off the coil spring. Turn the small heat anticipator screw a little one way to see if it helps. If not, try turning it the other way. If neither helps, replace the thermostat.